Which criteria are used to diagnose preeclampsia?

The diagnosis of preeclampsia is primarily based on specific criteria that include elevated blood pressure and the presence of protein in the urine. A blood pressure reading exceeding 140/90 mmHg on two separate occasions is a key indicator. This hypertension, paired with proteinuria, which reflects kidney damage often associated with the condition, establishes the diagnosis. The significance of monitoring these parameters is crucial, as preeclampsia can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the fetus if not managed appropriately.

The other options do not encompass the established diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia. For example, elevated liver enzymes may indicate other complications such as HELLP syndrome but are not definitive for diagnosing preeclampsia by themselves. Similarly, increased heart rate and swelling in extremities can occur for various reasons during pregnancy but do not directly indicate preeclampsia. Lastly, proteinuria is relevant in diagnosing preeclampsia, but low blood sugar levels are not associated with this condition. Thus, the correct combination of elevated blood pressure and proteinuria aligns with the medical guidelines for diagnosing preeclampsia.