What is the purpose of routine pulse oximetry in newborns?

The purpose of routine pulse oximetry in newborns primarily focuses on identifying critical congenital cardiac defects. This non-invasive test measures the oxygen saturation levels in a newborn's blood, which provides vital information about their cardiovascular and respiratory health. Low oxygen saturation can be an indication of heart defects that may not be immediately apparent upon physical examination, thereby highlighting the importance of early detection for timely intervention.

While pulse oximetry can provide insights into respiratory function by indicating the effectiveness of oxygen exchange in the lungs, its specific application in newborns is especially targeted towards identifying congenital heart issues. Other options, such as monitoring glucose levels or detecting infections, are not within the primary purpose of pulse oximetry. Glucose levels would be monitored using different methods, and infections would require different diagnostic approaches. Hence, the focus on critical congenital cardiac defects aligns with current best practices in neonatal care, where routine screening can significantly improve outcomes through early management.